| 黄彤彤,白瑞英,贾美娜,李梦琪,杨立荣.二次铝灰的无害化解毒及铝元素高效提取技术研究进展[J].有色金属材料与工程,2026,47(1):80-86. |
| 二次铝灰的无害化解毒及铝元素高效提取技术研究进展 |
| Research progress on harmless detoxification of secondary aluminum ash and highly efficient extraction technology of aluminum element |
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| DOI：10.13258/j.cnki.nmme.20250505001 |
| 中文关键词: 二次铝灰 解毒 酸浸法 碱浸法 烧结法 |
| 英文关键词:secondary aluminum ash detoxification acid leaching method alkali leaching method sintering method |
| 基金项目:华北理工大学2024年省级大学生创新创业资助项目（S202410081155） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 铝灰是铝生产过程中产生的危险固体废弃物，其中既含有AlN和氟化盐等有害物质，又富含可回收铝组分。若处理不当，不仅易引发环境污染，还会造成铝资源浪费。阐述了铝灰的来源及其对环境的潜在危害，系统梳理了烧结解毒、水洗解毒和碱液水解解毒的核心原理，对比了3种解毒方法的关键工艺条件和效果。针对二次铝灰的铝资源回收，详细论述了酸浸法、碱浸法和烧结法提取原理和主要影响因素，明确了各方法的最佳工艺参数，并通过全面比较上述方法的技术优劣，指出碱浸法与烧结法是处理二次铝灰更适宜、更高效的技术路径。最后对二次铝灰的高效、高附加值利用前景进行了展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aluminum ash, a hazardous solid waste generated during aluminum production, contains not only harmful substances such as AlN and fluoride salts but also abundant recoverable aluminum components. If improperly handled, it not only easily leads to environmental pollution but also cause the waste of aluminum resources. The sources of aluminum ash and its potential environmental hazards were expounded. The core principles of sintering detoxification, water washing detoxification, and alkali solution hydrolysis detoxification were systematically reviewed. The key process conditions and effects of the three detoxification methods were compared. For the recovery of aluminum resources from secondary aluminum ash, the extraction principles and main influencing factors of acid leaching method, alkali leaching method, and sintering methods were discussed in detail. Through a comprehensive comparison of the technical advantages and disadvantages of these methods, it was pointed out that alkali leaching method and sintering method are more suitable and efficient technical paths for treating secondary aluminum ash. Finally, the prospects for the efficient and high-value utilization of secondary aluminum ash were envisioned. |
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