| 陈海大,汪九初,王俊杰.基于压铸锌合金锭生产的晶粒细化方式研究[J].有色金属材料与工程,2026,47(2):27-33. |
| 基于压铸锌合金锭生产的晶粒细化方式研究 |
| Grain refinement techniques for die-cast zinc alloy ingot production |
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| DOI：10.13258/j.cnki.nmme.20250606001 |
| 中文关键词: 压铸锌合金 晶粒细化 生产优化 冷却速率 超声凝固 自孕育剂 |
| 英文关键词:die-cast zinc alloy grain refinement production optimization cooling rate ultrasonic solidification processing self-inoculant |
| 基金项目:安徽省池州市科技专项项目czkj202310013；铜陵有色金属集团控股有限公司科技计划项目R&D202302003 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对压铸锌合金锭的生产工艺，系统研究了冷却速率控制、凝固过程超声处理及浇铸前添加自孕育剂对晶粒细化的影响。结果表明：（1）当浇铸温度约为500 ℃时，将凝固冷却速率控制在1.0 ℃/s左右，可有效细化初生η相晶粒，同时避免因冷速过快导致晶粒呈现花瓣状形貌；（2）在凝固过程中施加20 kHz纵波超声波处理，可显著细化初生η相晶粒（呈现细小等轴状），并促使共晶组织形成规则层片状结构，同时大幅提升铸锭整体组织的均匀性，减轻因凝固顺序差异造成的成分偏析；（3） 浇铸前添加适量（质量分数0.5%～1.0%）同牌号锌合金作为自孕育剂，可显著提高形核率，实现晶粒的进一步细化，且无需引入异质粒子。为优化压铸锌合金锭的工业生产提供了可行的晶粒细化技术路径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper systematically investigates the effects of cooling rate control, ultrasonic treatment during solidification, and the addition of self-inoculants before pouring on grain refinement in the production process of die-cast zinc alloy ingots. The results demonstrate that: (1) Maintaining a solidification cooling rate of approximately 1.0 ℃/s at a pouring temperature of ～500 ℃ effectively refines primary η-phase grains while avoiding the formation of a petal-like morphology caused by excessively high cooling rates. (2) Applying longitudinal ultrasonic waves at 20 kHz during solidification significantly refines primary η-phase grains (resulting in a fine equiaxed morphology), promotes the formation of a regular lamellar structure in the eutectic phase, substantially enhances the overall microstructural homogeneity of the ingot, and alleviates compositional segregation induced by solidification sequence variations. (3) Adding an appropriate amount (0.5%-1.0%) of the same grade zinc alloy as a self-inoculant prior to pouring markedly increases the nucleation rate, achieving further grain refinement without introducing heterogeneous particles. This study provides a feasible technological pathway for optimizing grain refinement in the industrial production of die-cast zinc alloy ingots. |
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